TOPIC 1: FRIENDSHIP

TOPIC 1: FRIENDSHIP

A. VOCABULARY:

1. unselfishness [,ʌn'selfi∫nis] (n) tính                                                   không ích kỹ    2. unselfish [,ʌn'selfi∫] (a)            3. constancy ['kɔnstənsi](n) sự bền lòng         4. loyalty ['lɔiəlti] (n) lòng trung thành             5. trust [trʌst] (n) lòng tin, sự tin cậy                  6. sympathy ['simpəθi] (n) sự thông cảm           7. acquaintance [ə'kweintəns] (n) quen biết    8. mutual ['mju:tjuəl] (a) lẫn nhau, chung                 9. suspicion [sə'spi∫n] (n) sự nghi ngờ       10. give- and- take (n) quan hệ cho và nhận 11. incapable of [in'keipəbl] (a) không thể

12. medium ['mi:diəm] (a) trung bình, vừa      13. oval ['ouvəl] (a)  trái xoan 14. crooked ['krukid] (a) quập, cong      15. hospitable ['hɔspitəbl] (a) hiếu khách 16. generous ['dʒenərəs] (a) hào phóng     17. modest ['mɔdist] (a) khiêm tốn      18. honest ['ɔnist] (a) thật thà, hiền lành           19. humorous ['hju:mərəs] (a) hài hước     20. sense of humour (exp) tính hài hước 21. studious ['stju:diəs] (a) chăm chỉ       22. apartment buiding (exp) chung cư 23. favourite ['feivərit] (a) được ưa thích

B. GRAMMAR: INFINITIVES

1. Infinitive with to (động từ nguyên mẫu có “to”) Sau một số động từ dưới đây:

1. would like / would love / want : muốn 2. be able / enable : có thể 3. hope : hy vọng 4. wish : ao ước 4. decide : quyết định 6. hesitate: do dự 7. intend : dự định 8. refuse: từ chối 9. seem: dường như 10. become : trở thành 11. agree/ disagree : đồng ý/ không đồng ý 12. appear: có vẻ như, xuất hiện 13. fail: thất bại 14. threaten: đe dọa

15. afford: có khả năng 16. plan: vạch kế hoạch 17. manage: xoay sở 18. arrange: sắp xếp 19. promise: hứa 20. attempt: cố gắng 21. tend: có xu hướng 22. learn: học 23. offer: cho 24. ask: hỏi, yêu cầu 25. order: ra lệnh 26. invite: mời 27.warn: cảnh báo

- Hoặc theo sau các cấu trúc như ví dụ dưới đây: Sau các từ nghi vấn: what, how, where, when, whether… Eg. The teacher explained how to use the computer.

- Sau cấu trúc: It’s + adj + to V     Eg. It is fun to go to the cinema

2. Infinitive without to (động từ nguyên mẫu không “to”) Trong các trường hợp sau:

- Sau khiếm khuyết động từ (can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must ...)

Ex. She can speak English very well

- Sau động từ: make, let, see, watch, hear, feel, notice,…  Ex. He saw them arrive home late.

C. PRACTICE TEST

I. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

1.      A. machine                       B. change                    C. teacher                   D. choose

2.      A. condition                     B. option                    C. suggestion             D. relation

3.      A. believe                         B. readily                    C. friend                     D. pleasure

4.      A. good                             B. gossip                     C. game                       D. geometry

5.      A. trust                              B. mutual                    C. number                  D. uncertain

II. Choose the one word or phrase - A, B, B, or D - that best completes the sentences or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.

6.      It was so relaxing to be ________ old friends.

A. in                                               B. between                 C. among                    D. around

7.      She's made friends________ a little girl who lives next door.

A. to                                              B. of                            C. by                            D. with

8.      The children seem to be totally capable ________ working by themselves.

A. on                                             B. of                            C. in                             D. for

9.      Your friendship should be based on ________ trust.

A. basic                                         B. fragile                      C. mutual                   D. blind

10.  The company expects ________ from its employees.

A. constancy                                 B. quality                    C. interest                   D. loyalty

11.  I've got lots of ________, but only a few are really good friends

A. close friends                            B. acquaintances       C. neighbors               D. partners

12.  Friendship is a two-sided ________, it lives by give-and-take.

A. affair                                         B. event                      C. aspect                     D. feature

13.  Unselfishness is the very essence of friendship.

A. romantic part                          B. important part      C. difficult part           D. interesting part

14.  They ________ a close friendship at university.

A. created                                                 B. became                   C. promoted               D. formed

15.  We stayed friends even after we ________ and left home.

A. brought up                              B. turned up               C. grew up                  D. took up

III. Choose the word or phrase - A, B, C, or D -that best completes the sentence.

16.  He finds it ________ lasting friendships.

A. difficult to make   B. difficulty in making      C. is difficult to make             D. difficult making

17.  You ________ any friends if you ________ talking like that.

A. will win/ carry on                                           B. won't win/ carry on

C. wouldn't win/ carried on                               D. would have won/ had carried on

18.  The aim of the culture festival is ________ friendship between the two countries

A. promote                       B. promoting              C. to promote             D. being promoted

19.  People he ________ turned out to be only fair-weather friends.

A. trusted                                     B. has trusted            C. was trusting           D. had trusted

20.  How can you let such a silly incident ________ your friendship?

A. wreck                           B. to wreck                 C. wrecking                D. that wrecks

21.  It has become necessary ________ water in the metropolitan area because of the severe drought.

A. rationing                      B. ration                     C. to ration                 D. to have rationed

22.  All the passengers were made ________ their seat belts during the turbulence.

A. buckle                           B. to buckle                C. buckling                  D. for buckling.

23.  ________ good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream.

A. Make                             B. Making                   C. To make                 D. For make

24.  I got my friend ________ her car for the weekend.

A. to let me to borrow    B. to let me borrow  C. let me borrow        D. let me to borrow

25.  They ________ good friends, but they've fallen out recently.

A. used to be                    B. would be                C. were                       D. are

IV. Identify the one underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be corrected.

26.  Whatever happened, I didn't want to lose friendship of Vera.

       A. happened                    B. didn't want                                    C. to lose                                 D. of

27.  The basic aims of science and magic are very similar - to understand and to control nature.

A. aims of                         B. similar                                C. to understand        D. to control

28.  It was a period of her life when she made some lifelong friendship.

       A. a period of                  B. made                                  C. lifelong                   D. friendship

29.  Simon finds it hard for making friends with other children.

A. finds                             B. it hard                                C. for making             D. with

30.  Not longer are contributions to the advancement of industry made primarily by individuals.

       A. Not longer                  B. are contributions                C. advancement                   D. made

V. Fill in each blank with one appropriate word from the box.

terms    words    came    pieces    touch     change   last   experience    talk   accent   get   make

Meeting old school friends again can be a strange (31)___________. Some have changed so much that you can hardly recognise them: they speak with a different (32)___________, are interested in different things and all you can do is make small (33)___________ and hope they'll go soon. Others, though you might have been out of (34)___________ with them for years, are just the same as they always were - it's as if you (35)___________ saw them yesterday.

Before you know it, you're exchanging (36)___________ about your families and friends, and setting out the (37)___________ for another game of chess. A few change for the better. There's one person that I (38)___________ on with very well now, though we weren't on speaking (39)___________ for our last two years at school. One day, we met at a party and made it up and (40)___________ engaged the same evening.

VI. Read the passage, then decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

The proverb 'A friend in need is a friend indeed.' means that we shall know who our real friends are when we are in need. Those who desert us when we are in difficulty are just unfaithful friends.

      A true friend would remain with us whether we are rich or poor. Some people be friend the rich, simply for the sake of getting benefits from them.

It is useless to have insincere friends because these friends remain with us as long as we are rich or powerful. It is better to have one or two good friends rather than having hundreds of insincere ones.

A true friend will stand by us in our trials and tribulations. He will be a great source of consolation and comfort in our troubles. So we must be careful in choosing our friends. It is difficult to choose a sincere friend overnight; it takes years for us to find a sincere friend.

41.  Real friends share everything we need.                                                                                  

42.  Unfaithful friends stop being our friends when we are in trouble.             

43.  A rich friend is always a true friend.                                                                           

44.  A true friend is always loyal to us and support us through our difficulties.

45.  It's not worth having a lot of friends.                                                                          

46.  It may take a lot of time to find a real friend.                                                             

VII. From the words or phrases - A, B, C or D, choose the one that best completes the sentence.

47.  ________the promotion of health and to helping people avoid injury and disease.

A. To commit the Red Cross                              B. The Red Cross to commit

C. Committed to the Red Cross is                      D. The Red Cross is committed to

48.  It is possible ________ may assist some tree in saving water in the winter.

A. the leaves are lost       B. when leaves have lost  C. that the loss of leaves  D. to lose leaves

49.  It can sometimes ________a home.

A. to take months to sell                                                 B. take several months to sell

C. selling takes several months                          D. to sell taking several months

50.  Pioneer men and women endured terrible hardships, and___________.

A. so do their children B. neither did the children C. also the children D. so did their children

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